Greek city states went to war with Persia in these wars called the Persian Wars. No side really won.

The Greeks had colonized much of the Mediterranean basin including into Persia. Those Greek colonist revolt against Persian Empire 500 BCE in Ionia. Athens supported the rebels with ships.  This turns into war between all Greeks & Persia, Because of these wars,  Greek created a military alliance.  Pericles, the leader of Athens, uses fund to help Athens angering the rest of the Greeks