The Industrial Revolution is the name historians have given to the period in history when there was a large and rapid change in the way things were made. This meant that instead of things being hand made in small workshops, they were made more cheaply in large quantities by machines in factories. Products being made in large quantity now meant that they were sold for less.
Many people began to move from an agricultural based life in the country to the towns where the factories offered more and better paid work.
Source: https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_Revolution
New Technology
During the industrial revolution, new technology brought many changes. For example:
- Canals were built to allow heavy goods to be moved easily where they were needed.
- The steam engine became the main source of power. It replaced horses and human labor.
- Cheap iron and steel became mass-produced. Steel replaced wood as material for building many of the new things.
- Machine tools became commonplace. Things could now be mass-produced in factories instead of making them by hand.
- Seed drills and other agricultural machinery brought a British agricultural revolution. Fewer people were needed to work in farming, so many moved to towns and found new jobs in the factories although many of the new jobs were very harsh and dangerous.
- Railways were built all around England and then the world. They carried freight and passengers much more quickly and cheaply than before.
- Steamships began to replace sailing ships. They could be larger and faster than sailing ships and did not depend on wind and weather.
- The spinning Jenny and power loom made it easy to mass-produce clothes and fabrics.
Effects of Industrial Revolution
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Imperialism
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Increased Wealth for Industrialized States
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Increased Gap between Rich an Poor
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Changing Social Class
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Pollution
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Cholera
Responses to Industrial Revolution
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Labor Unions
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Child Labor Laws
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Communism
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Socialism
See also:
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